10 Essential Things to Know Before Owning a Cat: A Complete Guide for First-Time Owners

Owning a cat is a joyful, life-enhancing decision—but it also comes with serious responsibility. From choosing the right breed to understanding healthcare, nutrition, behaviour, and cost, this guide covers the ten most important things to know before welcoming a feline into your home. Whether you're just starting to consider cat ownership or you're preparing for adoption day, this comprehensive guide helps you build the confidence and clarity to give your cat a healthy, happy life.

1. Choosing the Right Cat for Your Lifestyle

Cats vary widely in temperament, grooming needs, energy levels, and sociability. Before choosing a breed, consider:

• Time commitment: Are you home often or frequently travelling?

• Living space: Do you have room for vertical climbing, or just a small flat?

• Family dynamics: Do you have children or other pets?

Some popular breeds to consider:

2. Preparing Your Home for a Cat

Before your cat arrives:

• Create a quiet, dedicated space with food, water, and bedding

• Purchase a litter box and set it up in a calm, accessible location

• Cat-proof by securing cords, removing toxic plants, and installing window screens

Essentials Checklist:

• Stainless steel or ceramic food and water bowls

• Clumping litter and scoop

• Scratching post or cardboard pad

• Toys (wand, puzzle feeder, crinkle balls)

• Carrier, grooming tools, and bedding

3. Feeding and Nutrition

Cats are obligate carnivores and need a diet rich in animal-based protein. Depending on age and health, your vet may recommend:

• Dry food for dental support and convenience

• Wet food for hydration and palatability

• Combination diets to cover all bases

Feeding Guidelines:

4. Understanding Litter Box Needs

Proper litter box habits begin on day one:

• Place the box in a quiet, low-traffic area

• Scoop daily and replace litter weekly

• Offer one box per cat (plus one extra if space allows)

If issues arise, try different litter types or box styles. Enzymatic sprays help remove odour and prevent reoffending.

5. Grooming and Hygiene

Even short-haired cats benefit from weekly brushing:

• Long-haired cats: daily brushing to avoid mats

• Nail trims: every 2–3 weeks

• Teeth: weekly brushing or vet-approved dental treats

• Baths: rarely needed—only for skin conditions or messes

Grooming also offers an opportunity to check for lumps, skin irritation, or parasites.

6. Vet Care and Preventive Health

All cats need:

• Annual check-ups

• Vaccinations (e.g., FVRCP, rabies, FeLV if applicable)

• Parasite prevention (fleas, ticks, worms)

• Spaying or neutering

For older cats, increase vet visits to twice a year. Maintain a health diary to track weight, appetite, and behaviour.

7. Enrichment and Play

Cats need mental and physical stimulation to avoid boredom, anxiety, and destructive behaviour:

• Provide vertical spaces (cat trees, shelves)

• Rotate toys weekly

• Include 15–30 minutes of interactive play daily

• Puzzle feeders and hide-and-seek toys promote problem-solving

8. Behaviour and Socialisation

Understanding your cat’s communication is key:

• Scratching: provide outlets like sisal posts

• Vocalisation: may signal hunger, boredom, or discomfort

• Aggression/anxiety: often a result of stress or lack of stimulation

Offer consistency, gentle encouragement, and avoid punishment. Use pheromone diffusers if needed.

9. Financial Commitment

Budgeting helps ensure your cat receives lifelong care:

10. Building a Lifelong Bond

Cats are independent, but they thrive on love and structure. Create trust by:

• Respecting their boundaries

• Offering consistent care

• Engaging in gentle grooming and play

• Using positive reinforcement (praise, treats)

Strong bonds form through daily routines, patience, and presence.

Final Thoughts

Cat ownership is incredibly rewarding—but it’s also a long-term responsibility. By preparing your home, understanding feline needs, and committing to consistent care, you’re giving your cat the best chance at a healthy, enriched life.

With the right knowledge and tools, you can enjoy the kind of connection only a cat parent understands: quiet, quirky, and absolutely heartwarming.

Also refer to our guide: The Ultimate Guide to Cat Ownership in Australia: From Kitten Prep to Litter Box Bliss